EU公共机构
Europol · Cybercrime
Law enforcement cooperation and cybercrime publications.
国际网络安全门户 / DIRECTORY
连接全球专业知识。
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CE公共机构
CERT Polska
Security reports and incident response in Poland.
JP公共机构
JPCERT/CC
Coordination, alerts and technical analysis in Japan.
FI社区与标准
FIRST
International network of incident response teams.
MI研究与教育
MITRE ATT&CK
Public knowledge base of documented adversary tactics and techniques.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- ATT&CK is a knowledge base grounded in observations. Its domains include Enterprise, Mobile and ICS.
- 使用方法
- Connect a technique with a trace and detection hypothesis. Distinguish having a log source from actually testing detection.
- 需要保留的局限
- A shared technique cannot establish actor attribution. Technique coverage counts do not fully measure security.
文档核查日期
GO私营部门
Google Threat Intelligence
Threat intelligence research publications.
UN私营部门
Unit 42 · Palo Alto Networks
Threat research and technical reports.
CI私营部门
Cisco Talos
Threat analysis and research publications.
BE社区与标准
Bellingcat
Open-source verification methods and resources.
FI社区与标准
FIRST · EPSS
Vulnerability exploitation probability model. Compare with technical severity, local exposure and business impact.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- The model looks ahead 30 days. Its score is a probability; its percentile ranks that score relative to other CVEs.
- 使用方法
- Record the data date and distinguish probability from percentile. Add asset exposure and confirmed exploitation evidence.
- 需要保留的局限
- The model does not predict harm to your organisation. Low probability does not cancel a critical exposure.
文档核查日期
CVSS、EPSS、KEV 与 VEX
What is the estimated probability of observing exploitation of this CVE in the next thirty days?
It does not describe compromise of your instance, its controls or business loss.
Read the CVSS, EPSS, KEV and VEX reference →
Primary sources and scope
- FIRST · EPSS Frequently Asked Questions · Living FAQ · reviewed 2026-10-22
What is EPSS? · Reading the score · Percentile · Score changes
Sources checked on
FI社区与标准
FIRST · Traffic Light Protocol
Security information-sharing designations set by the source. Check their meaning before redistribution.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- TLP 2.0 uses RED, AMBER, GREEN and CLEAR; AMBER+STRICT restricts sharing to the recipient organisation. Labels must not be translated.
- 使用方法
- Keep the marking with the information and check recipients before forwarding. Ask the source to clarify any ambiguity.
- 需要保留的局限
- TLP is neither a formal classification nor a reuse licence. It does not guarantee content accuracy.
文档核查日期
STIX 指标与 TLP 共享
A traceable note does not by itself grant permission to redistribute it. TLP markings, additional restrictions and intended recipients must accompany a redaction or publication decision.
TLP describes a sharing scope; it certifies neither accuracy, official classification nor a usage licence. Encryption and retention rules need separate definition. Obtain explicit source permission before widening the received scope.
Read the STIX, observations and TLP sharing reference →
References and verification scope
- FIRST · Traffic Light Protocol 2.0 · TLP 2.0 · 2022-08
§1, §2, §3 · TLP:AMBER+STRICT
Sources checked on
IC社区与标准
ICANN · Registration Data Lookup
Domain registration data lookup. Redacted data or a technical provider alone cannot establish control by an entity.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- RDAP is the registration data access protocol. ICANN Lookup provides access to available public registration data.
- 使用方法
- Keep the exact domain, consultation date and result. Distinguish registrar, technical service and the entity operating a website.
- 需要保留的局限
- Data may be redacted or limited. Domain information alone cannot attribute content or an operation to a person.
文档核查日期
OA社区与标准
OASIS · STIX 2.1
Describe threat intelligence through structured objects and relationships.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- STIX 2.1 is an OASIS Standard dated 10 June 2021. It defines objects, properties and JSON serialisation.
- 使用方法
- Keep identifiers, dates, provenance and relationships. Check that the recipient interprets the same object type and validity period.
- 需要保留的局限
- A syntactically valid object can still be stale, misattributed or weakly supported.
文档核查日期
STIX 指标与 TLP 共享
Structured intelligence retains provenance and a version history. For an actionable OSINT note, separate collected facts, the producer’s assertion and the local conclusion, then state what still needs confirmation.
Version note: at review time the OASIS latest-stage URL points to a document dated 2 April 2025 titled STIX 2.1 Errata 01, incorporating Draft 01. Its draft errata status is retained in the citation; it is not presented as a newly approved final version. Agree marking encodings with the recipient and check the edition actually used.
Read the STIX, observations and TLP sharing reference →
References and verification scope
- OASIS · STIX 2.1 · OASIS Standard · 2021-06-10
§3.2, §3.6, §4.7, §4.14, §5.2, §7.2 - OASIS · STIX 2.1 Errata 01 · Draft 01 · 2025-04-02 · OASIS Standard incorporating Draft 01 of Errata 01
Status / Citation format · draft status identified separately
Sources checked on
OA社区与标准
OASIS · TAXII 2.1
Exchange threat intelligence through an application protocol.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- TAXII 2.1 is an OASIS Standard dated 10 June 2021. It includes service discovery and access to collections.
- 使用方法
- Test authentication, collection permissions, pagination and recovery after interruption. Record which objects were actually received and processed.
- 需要保留的局限
- TAXII transports data; it replaces neither the content model nor assessment of reliability.
文档核查日期
C2社区与标准
C2PA · Content Credentials
Describe and verify certain content provenance information.
参考资料详情
- 已核实的数据或指标
- C2PA specification 2.4 defines manifests, assertions and cryptographic binding mechanisms associated with media.
- 使用方法
- Examine what the manifest asserts, who signed it and whether validation succeeds. Test preservation after transformations and distribution.
- 需要保留的局限
- Validated provenance does not establish the truth of a scene. Absence of a manifest does not demonstrate a fake.
文档核查日期
媒体来源与 C2PA 验证
A provenance report combines findings with different scopes. Signature, credential trust, content binding and scene context are separate assurances. Retain the exact asset and full report before summarising a result.
This JSON-LD representation is a derived view of C2PA data for reporting and interoperability. It is not independently verifiable or a validation input format.
- C2PA · Content Credentials Technical Specification 2.4 · 2.4 · April 2026
- C2PA · Content Credentials Explainer · 2.4
- C2PA · Security Considerations · 2.4
Open the C2PA explorer and publication cases →
References consulted on