EU공공기관
Europol · Cybercrime
Law enforcement cooperation and cybercrime publications.
국제 사이버 포털 / DIRECTORY
세계의 전문 지식을 연결합니다.
공공기관, 대응팀, 기업과 연구기관. 국가와 과제에 맞는 자료를 찾아보세요.
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CE공공기관
CERT Polska
Security reports and incident response in Poland.
JP공공기관
JPCERT/CC
Coordination, alerts and technical analysis in Japan.
FI커뮤니티 및 표준
FIRST
International network of incident response teams.
MI연구 및 교육
MITRE ATT&CK
Public knowledge base of documented adversary tactics and techniques.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- ATT&CK is a knowledge base grounded in observations. Its domains include Enterprise, Mobile and ICS.
- 사용 방법
- Connect a technique with a trace and detection hypothesis. Distinguish having a log source from actually testing detection.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- A shared technique cannot establish actor attribution. Technique coverage counts do not fully measure security.
문서 검토일
GO민간기업
Google Threat Intelligence
Threat intelligence research publications.
UN민간기업
Unit 42 · Palo Alto Networks
Threat research and technical reports.
CI민간기업
Cisco Talos
Threat analysis and research publications.
BE커뮤니티 및 표준
Bellingcat
Open-source verification methods and resources.
FI커뮤니티 및 표준
FIRST · EPSS
Vulnerability exploitation probability model. Compare with technical severity, local exposure and business impact.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- The model looks ahead 30 days. Its score is a probability; its percentile ranks that score relative to other CVEs.
- 사용 방법
- Record the data date and distinguish probability from percentile. Add asset exposure and confirmed exploitation evidence.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- The model does not predict harm to your organisation. Low probability does not cancel a critical exposure.
문서 검토일
CVSS, EPSS, KEV 및 VEX
What is the estimated probability of observing exploitation of this CVE in the next thirty days?
It does not describe compromise of your instance, its controls or business loss.
Read the CVSS, EPSS, KEV and VEX reference →
Primary sources and scope
- FIRST · EPSS Frequently Asked Questions · Living FAQ · reviewed 2026-10-22
What is EPSS? · Reading the score · Percentile · Score changes
Sources checked on
FI커뮤니티 및 표준
FIRST · Traffic Light Protocol
Security information-sharing designations set by the source. Check their meaning before redistribution.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- TLP 2.0 uses RED, AMBER, GREEN and CLEAR; AMBER+STRICT restricts sharing to the recipient organisation. Labels must not be translated.
- 사용 방법
- Keep the marking with the information and check recipients before forwarding. Ask the source to clarify any ambiguity.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- TLP is neither a formal classification nor a reuse licence. It does not guarantee content accuracy.
문서 검토일
STIX 지표와 TLP 공유
A traceable note does not by itself grant permission to redistribute it. TLP markings, additional restrictions and intended recipients must accompany a redaction or publication decision.
TLP describes a sharing scope; it certifies neither accuracy, official classification nor a usage licence. Encryption and retention rules need separate definition. Obtain explicit source permission before widening the received scope.
Read the STIX, observations and TLP sharing reference →
References and verification scope
- FIRST · Traffic Light Protocol 2.0 · TLP 2.0 · 2022-08
§1, §2, §3 · TLP:AMBER+STRICT
Sources checked on
IC커뮤니티 및 표준
ICANN · Registration Data Lookup
Domain registration data lookup. Redacted data or a technical provider alone cannot establish control by an entity.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- RDAP is the registration data access protocol. ICANN Lookup provides access to available public registration data.
- 사용 방법
- Keep the exact domain, consultation date and result. Distinguish registrar, technical service and the entity operating a website.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- Data may be redacted or limited. Domain information alone cannot attribute content or an operation to a person.
문서 검토일
OA커뮤니티 및 표준
OASIS · STIX 2.1
Describe threat intelligence through structured objects and relationships.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- STIX 2.1 is an OASIS Standard dated 10 June 2021. It defines objects, properties and JSON serialisation.
- 사용 방법
- Keep identifiers, dates, provenance and relationships. Check that the recipient interprets the same object type and validity period.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- A syntactically valid object can still be stale, misattributed or weakly supported.
문서 검토일
STIX 지표와 TLP 공유
Structured intelligence retains provenance and a version history. For an actionable OSINT note, separate collected facts, the producer’s assertion and the local conclusion, then state what still needs confirmation.
Version note: at review time the OASIS latest-stage URL points to a document dated 2 April 2025 titled STIX 2.1 Errata 01, incorporating Draft 01. Its draft errata status is retained in the citation; it is not presented as a newly approved final version. Agree marking encodings with the recipient and check the edition actually used.
Read the STIX, observations and TLP sharing reference →
References and verification scope
- OASIS · STIX 2.1 · OASIS Standard · 2021-06-10
§3.2, §3.6, §4.7, §4.14, §5.2, §7.2 - OASIS · STIX 2.1 Errata 01 · Draft 01 · 2025-04-02 · OASIS Standard incorporating Draft 01 of Errata 01
Status / Citation format · draft status identified separately
Sources checked on
OA커뮤니티 및 표준
OASIS · TAXII 2.1
Exchange threat intelligence through an application protocol.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- TAXII 2.1 is an OASIS Standard dated 10 June 2021. It includes service discovery and access to collections.
- 사용 방법
- Test authentication, collection permissions, pagination and recovery after interruption. Record which objects were actually received and processed.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- TAXII transports data; it replaces neither the content model nor assessment of reliability.
문서 검토일
C2커뮤니티 및 표준
C2PA · Content Credentials
Describe and verify certain content provenance information.
참고 자료 상세
- 확인된 데이터 또는 기준
- C2PA specification 2.4 defines manifests, assertions and cryptographic binding mechanisms associated with media.
- 사용 방법
- Examine what the manifest asserts, who signed it and whether validation succeeds. Test preservation after transformations and distribution.
- 유지해야 할 한계
- Validated provenance does not establish the truth of a scene. Absence of a manifest does not demonstrate a fake.
문서 검토일
미디어 출처 및 C2PA 검증
A provenance report combines findings with different scopes. Signature, credential trust, content binding and scene context are separate assurances. Retain the exact asset and full report before summarising a result.
This JSON-LD representation is a derived view of C2PA data for reporting and interoperability. It is not independently verifiable or a validation input format.
- C2PA · Content Credentials Technical Specification 2.4 · 2.4 · April 2026
- C2PA · Content Credentials Explainer · 2.4
- C2PA · Security Considerations · 2.4
Open the C2PA explorer and publication cases →
References consulted on